• Several studies have shown that independently of body weight

  2019-11-15

  

  Several studies have shown that, independently of body-weight control, the central actions of leptin improve glycemic control in obese diabetic rat and mouse models [62]. For instance, restoration of OB-Rb expression in OB-Rb-deficient mice, and in particular in POMC neurons, was sufficient to norma

• Enzyme mimics belong to a type of rising

  2019-11-15

  

  Enzyme mimics belong to a type of rising catalysts which show the similar function with their corresponding natural enzymes [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], although their structures are different from natural enzymes. In the area of prodrug activation, the widely-used enzyme mimics a

• Two GPCR subtypes of interest in the myocardium

  2019-11-15

  

  Two GPCR subtypes of interest in the myocardium are the endothelin receptor (ETR) and the α1-adrenergic receptor (α1-AR). Upon ligand binding, these receptors canonically activate the Gαq protein leading to activation of phospholipase C, hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate into diacy

• The Wnt signaling pathway has been demonstrated to

  2019-11-15

  

  The Wnt signaling pathway has been demonstrated to be responsible for a variety of biological processes. The three best-characterized Wnt signaling pathways are the canonical Wnt pathway, the noncanonical planar cell polarity pathway, and the noncanonical Wnt/calcium pathway. The canonical Wnt/β-cat

• The efficacy of A in the ob

  2019-11-15

  

  The efficacy of A-922500 in the ob/ob mouse model is of particular interest for two reasons. One of the most striking features of the DGAT-1 deficient mouse phenotype is the resistance to diet-induced obesity (Smith et al., 2000). However, MK-8245 of DGAT-1 in leptin deficient ob/ob mice failed to

• br Hypothesis on DDR protective mode of action The

  2019-11-15

  

  Hypothesis on DDR1 protective mode of action The documented protective role of DDR1 is quite impressive, demonstrated using different preclinical models (immunologic [46,54,58], obstructive [45], and hypertensive [50]) with different intervention paradigms: genetic ablation [45,50,58,72], silenci

• One of the features of ROCO proteins

  2019-11-15

  

  One of the features of ROCO proteins, controlled by their domain architecture is their oligomerization status. By size-exclusion chromatography and Western blot analysis, DAPK1 was proved to form homodimers via its GTPase and kinase domains [53]. Similarly, Pyroxamide microscopy studies conducted on

• It has been shown that CK phosphorylates and tubulin in

  2019-11-15

  

  It has been shown that CK1δ phosphorylates α-, β- and γ-tubulin in vitro and that CK1δ specifically interacts with the trans Golgi network, COPI positive vesicles, and centrosomes in interphase cells [11], [12], [13], [14]. Moreover CK1δ is also associated with granular particles that are associated

• br Conclusion The results of the present study demonstrate

  2019-11-15

  

  Conclusion The results of the present study demonstrate that cysteinyl leukotrienes LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4 cause moderate to marked whereas the dihydroxy leukotriene LTB4 causes small muscle contraction in the stomach in vitro. The LTD4-induced contraction is mediated by CysLT1 in fundus but by CysL

• amprenavir Immune modulation by steroid hormones

  2019-11-15

  

  Immune modulation by steroid hormones is a rather new aspect of the research on endocrine interactions in lower vertebrates (Harris and Bird, 2000). In the classical view, steroids exert their effects by binding to specific intracellular receptors that function as ligand-activated transcriptional re

• br Pathophysiology of premature ovarian failure

  2019-11-15

  

  Pathophysiology of premature ovarian failure By the age of 40 years, 1% of women spontaneously develop POF [18]. The normal menopause occurs at an average age of 51 years [19] and results from ovarian follicle depletion [20], whereas POF is a heterogeneous disorder and can result from either foll

• The use of the periplasmic fraction as starting material

  2019-11-15

  

  The use of the periplasmic fraction as starting material and the presence of a unique purification step concurred in improving the purification yield to 25.3%, which is significantly higher than what obtained with the previous purification protocol (6.7%). In addition, the analysis of the kinetic co

• Here we found that these leukotriene antagonists also inhibi

  2019-11-14

  

  Here we found that these leukotriene antagonists also inhibit the effects of nucleotides acting at P2Y receptors in dU937 cells, which are known to express a number of nucleotide receptors, such as P2Y2 or P2Y4[30]. In an effort to characterize the P2 receptor subtypes subject to negative modulation

• The optimization of the lead compound

  2019-11-14

  

  The optimization of the lead compound () was initiated and the initial key SAR and the results of the structural modifications of lead compound are summarized in . Replacement of the carboxylic bromodomain moiety with other functional groups led to loss of functional activity against EP4 receptor.

• Herein we designed a strategy utilizing the target protectio

  2019-11-14

  

  Herein, we designed a strategy utilizing the target-protection method to produce a signal in a system involving fluorescence CuNPs stabilized by dumbbell template DNA (DT DNA) through a locked circle consisting of two poly T loops and a poly (ATTA) stem. In the presence of MTase, DT DNA was modified

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